Skip to main content

Surgical cases, diagnosis and treatment

Knowledge for Practice, interactive discussion, cases and diagnosis in general surgery, management and differential diagnosis.

#Clinical diagnosis :
+ Full blood count.
+ Urine analysis
+ Biochemical analysis

#Instrumental diagnosis.

- Ultrasound
- X-rays findings
- CT scan
- MRT



Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Acute Arterial Obstruction

This is defined as sudden cessation of blood flow in the main artery as a result of thrombosis, embolism, spasm, injury etc… Causes of thrombosis ( Virchow triad: §   the predominance of the coagulation system §   damage to the vascular wall §   Turbulent blood flow ( Diseases leading to thrombosis: §   Atherosclerosis. §   Occlusive disease. §   Nonspecific aorto-arteritis. Embologenic disease - the state of the body leading to the occurrence of embolism  ®   Cardiac (95%): ®   CHD (50%) - myocardial infarction, rhythm abnormalities (atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia et al.), Heart aneurysm. ®   Heart disease (40%). ®   Myocarditis, endocarditis, pneumonia (5%) ®   Noncardia (5%) - vascular aneurysm. Pathogenesis of acute ischemia ®   Closing of the main artery. ®   Peripheral arterial spasm. ®   Blood stasis. ®   Continued thrombosis - upward and downw...
Post a Comment
Read more

Parathyroid hormone

Parathyroid hormone (parathyroid hormone)  is one of the main regulators of calcium in the blood. This hormone is very useful information for: parathyroid disease (primary hyperparathyroidism, secondary hyperparathyroidism, autoimmune hypoparathyroidism), osteoporosis, calcium content disorders (hypercalcaemia, hypocalcaemia). Parathyroid  hormone is a protein that is synthesized in the parathyroid glands. It main function is to regulate calcium metabolism in the body.  When the level of calcium in the blood falls, the parathyroid hormone increases to raise the calcium concentration in the blood by sending signals to the bone to: 1. inhibit collagen synthesis in active osteoblasts;  2. activate osteolysis by osteocytes;  3. increase osteolysis by the osteoclasts; 4. increase in the rate of maturation of progenitor cells, differentiating into osteoblasts and osteoclasts. As a result, the calcium level in the blood rises.  However, one of...
Post a Comment
Read more

Stomach cancer

Cancer of the stomach  is a malignant neoplasm of the stomach, a tumor emanating from the epithelium of the gastric mucosa. Gastric cancer is a polyethiologic disease, but it is believed that Helicobacter pylori plays a major role in its onset and development. Clinical manifestations include: loss of appetite, gastric obstruction and bleeding. It is diagnosed by endoscopy with biopsy, X-ray examination, computed tomography and ultrasound. Treatment, as a rule, surgical, chemotherapy gives a temporary improvement. The long-term prognosis is usually unfavourable. §   Epidemiology of stomach cancer In many countries, stomach cancer is the most common malignant tumor. Statistically, stomach cancer accounts for about 15.5% of all malignant neoplasms and 20.8% of deaths from malignant neoplasms. In prevalence, it takes the 4th place after lung cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Adenocarcinoma of the stomach is on the second place as the...
Post a Comment
Read more